Myopia is a global epidemic.
Let’s be proactive.
Myopia or nearsightedness is when the eye grows too long, causing distant objects to appear blurry. It is estimated that by 2050, half of the world’s population will be myopic. In the United States, the prevalence of myopia has more than doubled in the last 50 years and the World Health Organization has declared myopia as a serious public health concern. While conventional glasses and contact lenses can correct vision, neither slows or stops progression.
Progression is concerning in children as excessively fast eye growth often occurs during their developing years and results in irreversible weakening to structures within the eye. Each diopter or step of increase in myopia translates to a higher lifetime risk of vision loss from eye health complications that include retinal detachment, cataract, glaucoma and myopic macular degeneration. This risk is exponentially greater once high myopia is reached (> -5.00 D) and is most likely to occur in kids who developed myopia at a young age, have one or both parents who are also myopic or spend more time doing near tasks versus going outside.
Myopia management, also known as myopia control, is a tailored treatment program designed to intervene in this process and slow down your child’s rate of progression by using specialty contact lenses and/or prescription eye drops. Correcting your child’s vision is simply not enough. We want to do what we can to prevent their vision from worsening and most importantly, protect their future eye health!
MiSight® 1 Day or Multifocal
Contact Lenses
MiSight® (Coopervision) are dual-focus daily disposable soft contact lenses that are the first FDA approved treatment to slow the progression of myopia or nearsightedness in children ages 8 to 12. A 3 year clinical trial demonstrated this contact lens was able to slow the rates of prescription increase by 59% and eye lengthening by 52%. Kids whose prescription are outside the available parameters in MiSight contacts can benefit from being fit in multifocal contact lenses to achieve a similar optical effect of reducing the growth signal in the retina that induces myopia progression.
Low dose atropine
Atropine is an medicated eye drop commonly prescribed by ophthalmology and optometry. At a higher dose, it is very effective in dilating the eyes as well as relaxing the eye’s internal focusing muscle. Studies have shown 0.01% and 0.05% atropine to be effective in slowing the progression of myopia by about 40% without the side effects of excessive light sensitivity and near blur induced by more concentrated formulations. While the exact mechanism of action is unknown, this is a widely validated off-label treatment that is commonly prescribed for young myopic children who may not be ready or prefer not to be treated with contact lenses.
Orthokeratology (Ortho-K)
Ortho-K are rigid contact lenses specially designed to gently and reversibly reshape the cornea as you sleep to provide functional uncorrected vision during the day. It is a non-surgical alternative of vision correction for children and adults alike who would like to reduce their dependence on glasses and contact lenses due to their lifestyle, cosmetic or comfort concerns. Research has also shown ortho-K wear to be effective in slowing myopia progression by 45-50% with a good safety profile for children as young as 8 when used with proper care and hygiene.
Outdoor activity
100% free! Encouraging your child to spend at least 2 hours daily outdoors has been shown to reduce their risk of developing nearsightedness. In a world that revolves around hours of digital screen time, make sure your kids are taking regular breaks to spend time outdoors in natural light. Dr. Chung recommends practicing the 20/20/20 rule: take 20 seconds to look at something 20 feet away for every 20 minutes of continuous near or device use. Just like wearing glasses, however, spending more time outdoors on its own is not an effective treatment for slowing progression in already myopic children.